CVE-2013-2251
Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.15 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL expressions via a parameter with a crafted (1)…
- 9.8CriticalCVSS base score
- 100.0%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 0.1% of all CVEs
- YesKnown exploitedin CISA's KEV since 25 Mar 2022
- 4Public exploitsMetasploit, Nuclei and Exploit-DB
Description
Apache Struts 2.0.0 through 2.3.15 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL expressions via a parameter with a crafted (1) action:, (2) redirect:, or (3) redirectAction: prefix.
Exploited in the wild
CISA lists this vulnerability in its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog as Apache Struts Improper Input Validation Vulnerability.
- Added
- 25 Mar 2022
- Fix due (US federal)
- 15 Apr 2022
- Used by ransomware
- Not known
Apply updates per vendor instructions.
ENISA's EU Vulnerability Database lists it as exploited, from CISA's KEV, since 25 Mar 2022.
Public exploit
An exploit or proof of concept is public: anyone can try it against an unpatched system. The public collections list a Metasploit module, a Nuclei template and 2 Exploit-DB entries for it. CISA's SSVC rates its exploitation: it is being exploited.
Show the exploits4
Metasploit modules1 module
- Apache Struts 2 DefaultActionMapper Prefixes OGNL Code Execution (Metasploit module) (opens in a new tab)
exploit/multi/http/struts_default_action_mapperRank excellentdisclosed 2 Jul 2013
Nuclei templates1 template
- Apache Struts 2 - DefaultActionMapper Prefixes OGNL Code Execution (Nuclei template) (opens in a new tab)
http/cves/2013/CVE-2013-2251.yamlSeverity critical
Exploit-DB2 entries
- Apache Struts2 2.0.0 < 2.3.15 - Prefixed Parameters OGNL Injection (Exploit-DB entry) (opens in a new tab)
EDB-ID 44583webapps, multiplepublished 14 Jan 2014Verified
- Apache Struts 2 - DefaultActionMapper Prefixes OGNL Code Execution (Metasploit) (Exploit-DB entry) (opens in a new tab)
EDB-ID 27135remote, multiplepublished 27 Jul 2013Verified
Modules, templates and exploits as listed by the Metasploit Framework (BSD-3-Clause), ProjectDiscovery's Nuclei templates (MIT) and the Exploit Database (GPLv2), read once a day. Where the data comes from
Timeline
ID reserved
By redhat
- 5 months later
· 5 months later
Published
- 9 years later
· 9 years later
Added to CISA KEV
Known exploited in the wild
- 4 years later
· 4 years later
Record updated
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| CISA-ADPADP (enrichment) | 3.1 | Critical9.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| NVDNVD · Analyzed | 3.1 | Critical9.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 100.0% · top 0.1% of all CVEs (11 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: active · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: total
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Critical 9.8.
Affected products
n/a
- affected n/a
Affected packages
From reviewed advisories of the GitHub Advisory Database.
- Mavenorg.apache.struts:struts2-coreGHSA-47qp-8v9g-39hp (opens in a new tab)
References
References17
- http://www.fujitsu.com/global/support/software/security/products-f/interstage-bpm-analytics-201301e.html (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRMx_transferred
- http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujul2015-2367936.html (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRMx_transferred
- apache-archiva-ognl-command-exec(90392) (opens in a new tab)vdb-entryx_refsource_XFx_transferred
- 20131013 Apache Software Foundation A Subsite Remote command execution (opens in a new tab)mailing-listx_refsource_FULLDISCx_transferred
- http://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2014010087 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISCx_transferred
- 20131023 Apache Struts 2 Command Execution Vulnerability in Multiple Cisco Products (opens in a new tab)vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCOx_transferred
- http://struts.apache.org/release/2.3.x/docs/s2-016.html (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRMx_transferred
- http://archiva.apache.org/security.html (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRMx_transferred
- 98445 (opens in a new tab)vdb-entryx_refsource_OSVDBx_transferred
- 1032916 (opens in a new tab)vdb-entryx_refsource_SECTRACKx_transferred
- 61189 (opens in a new tab)vdb-entryx_refsource_BIDx_transferred
- 1029184 (opens in a new tab)vdb-entryx_refsource_SECTRACKx_transferred
- 64758 (opens in a new tab)vdb-entryx_refsource_BIDx_transferred
- http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/cpujan2014-1972949.html (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRMx_transferred
- [oss-security] 20140114 Re: CVE Request: Apache Archiva Remote Command Execution 0day (opens in a new tab)mailing-listx_refsource_MLISTx_transferred
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159629/Apache-Struts-2-Remote-Code-Execution.html (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISCx_transferred
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2013-2251 (opens in a new tab)government-resource
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- CISA KEV catalog (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2022-2328 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-47qp-8v9g-39hp (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2013-2251)Record last updated .