CVE-2023-33241GG18 / GG20 TSS Beta Parameter Vulnerability
- 9.6CriticalCVSS base score
- 1.2%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 32% of all CVEs
- NoKnown exploitednot in CISA's KEV catalog
- NonePublic exploitsnone known yet
Description
Crypto wallets implementing the GG18 or GG20 TSS protocol might allow an attacker to extract a full ECDSA private key by injecting a malicious pallier key and cheating in the range proof. Depending on the Beta parameters chosen in the protocol implementation, the attack might require 16 signatures or more fully exfiltrate the other parties' private key shares.
Timeline
ID reserved
By Halborn
- 3 months later
· 3 months later
Published
- 14 months later
· 14 months later
Record updated
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| HalbornCNA (assigner) | 3.1 | Critical9.6 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N |
| NVDNVD · Modified | 3.1 | Critical9.1 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 1.2% · top 32% of all CVEs (15 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Critical 9.6.
Affected products
GG TSS Implementations · Wallet
- affected 18
- affected 20
References
References5
- https://www.fireblocks.com/blog/gg18-and-gg20-paillier-key-vulnerability-technical-report/ (opens in a new tab)x_transferred
- https://github.com/fireblocks-labs/mpc-ecdsa-attacks-23 (opens in a new tab)x_transferred
- https://github.com/fireblocks-labs/safeheron-gg20-exploit-poc (opens in a new tab)x_transferred
- https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/114.pdf (opens in a new tab)x_transferred
- https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/540.pdf (opens in a new tab)x_transferred
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2023-37410 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisories (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2023-33241)Record last updated .