CVE-2023-40014OpenZeppelin Contracts's ERC2771Context with custom forwarder may lead to zero-valued _msgSender
- 5.3MediumCVSS base score
- 0.74%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 45% of all CVEs
- NoKnown exploitednot in CISA's KEV catalog
- NonePublic exploitsnone known yet
Description
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for secure smart contract development. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to version 4.9.3, contracts using `ERC2771Context` along with a custom trusted forwarder may see `_msgSender` return `address(0)` in calls that originate from the forwarder with calldata shorter than 20 bytes. This combination of circumstances does not appear to be common, in particular it is not the case for `MinimalForwarder` from OpenZeppelin Contracts, or any deployed forwarder the team is aware of, given that the signer address is appended to all calls that originate from these forwarders. The problem has been patched in v4.9.3.
Timeline
ID reserved
By GitHub_M
- 2 days later
· 2 days later
Published
- 14 months later
· 14 months later
Record updated
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub_MCNA (assigner) | 3.1 | Medium5.3 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N |
| NVDNVD · Modified | 3.1 | Medium5.3 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 0.74% · top 45% of all CVEs (13 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: none · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: partial
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Medium 5.3.
Affected products
OpenZeppelin · openzeppelin-contracts
- affected >= 4.0.0, < 4.9.3
Affected packages
From reviewed advisories of the GitHub Advisory Database.
- npm@openzeppelin/contractsGHSA-g4vp-m682-qqmp (opens in a new tab)
- npm@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeableGHSA-g4vp-m682-qqmp (opens in a new tab)
References
References6
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/security/advisories/GHSA-g4vp-m682-qqmp (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRMx_transferred
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4481 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISCx_transferred
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/4484 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISCx_transferred
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/commit/9445f96223041abf2bf08daa56f8da50b674cbcd (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISCx_transferred
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/commit/e4435eed757d4309436b1e06608e97b6d6e2fdb5 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISCx_transferred
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.9.3 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISCx_transferred
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2023-2289 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-g4vp-m682-qqmp (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2023-40014)Record last updated .