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CVE-2025-20155A vulnerability in the bootstrap loading of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to write arbitrary files to…

Description

A vulnerability in the bootstrap loading of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to write arbitrary files to an affected system. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of the bootstrap file that is read by the system software when a device is first deployed in SD-WAN mode or when an administrator configures SD-Routing on the device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by modifying a bootstrap file generated by Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, loading it into the device flash, and then either reloading the device in a green field deployment in SD-WAN mode or configuring the device with SD-Routing. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform arbitrary file writes to the underlying operating system.

Timeline

  1. ID reserved

    By cisco

  2. · 7 months later

    Published

  3. · 10 months later

    Record updated

Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.

Scores

CVSS scores of CVE-2025-20155, by who scored it
Scored byCVSSScoreVector
ciscoCNA (assigner)3.1Medium6.0CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
NVDNVD · Analyzed3.1Medium6.0CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
0.17% · top 93% of all CVEs (13 Nov 2026)
CISA SSVC
Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total
Loading the EPSS history…

The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Medium 6.0.

Affected products

  • Cisco · Cisco IOS XE Software

    • affected 17.9.4
    • affected 17.9.5
    • affected 17.9.4a
    • affected 17.9.5a
    • affected 17.9.5b
    • affected 17.9.6
    • affected 17.9.6a
    • affected 17.9.5e
    • affected 17.9.5f
    • affected 17.12.1
    • affected 17.12.1w
    • affected 17.12.1a
    • affected 17.12.1x
    • affected 17.12.2
    • affected 17.12.3
    • affected 17.12.2a
    • affected 17.12.1y
    • affected 17.12.1z
    • affected 17.12.4
    • affected 17.12.3a
    • affected 17.12.1z1
    • affected 17.12.4a
    • affected 17.12.4b
    • affected 17.13.1
    • affected 17.13.1a
    • affected 17.14.1
    • affected 17.14.1a
    • affected 17.11.99SW

What to do

Exploitation: The Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) is not aware of any public announcements or malicious use of the vulnerability that is described in this advisory.

References

References1

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

Badge for a README or a ticket

CVE-2025-20155 badge
[![CVE-2025-20155](https://cveledger.app/badge/CVE-2025-20155.svg)](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2025-20155)

Record last updated .