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CVE-2025-21779KVM: x86: Reject Hyper-V's SEND_IPI hypercalls if local APIC isn't in-kernel

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: Reject Hyper-V's SEND_IPI hypercalls if local APIC isn't in-kernel Advertise support for Hyper-V's SEND_IPI and SEND_IPI_EX hypercalls if and only if the local API is emulated/virtualized by KVM, and explicitly reject said hypercalls if the local APIC is emulated in userspace, i.e. don't rely on userspace to opt-in to KVM_CAP_HYPERV_ENFORCE_CPUID. Rejecting SEND_IPI and SEND_IPI_EX fixes a NULL-pointer dereference if Hyper-V enlightenments are exposed to the guest without an in-kernel local APIC: dump_stack+0xbe/0xfd __kasan_report.cold+0x34/0x84 kasan_report+0x3a/0x50 __apic_accept_irq+0x3a/0x5c0 kvm_hv_send_ipi.isra.0+0x34e/0x820 kvm_hv_hypercall+0x8d9/0x9d0 kvm_emulate_hypercall+0x506/0x7e0 __vmx_handle_exit+0x283/0xb60 vmx_handle_exit+0x1d/0xd0 vcpu_enter_guest+0x16b0/0x24c0 vcpu_run+0xc0/0x550 kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x170/0x6d0 kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x413/0xb20 __se_sys_ioctl+0x111/0x160 do_syscal1_64+0x30/0x40 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0xd1 Note, checking the sending vCPU is sufficient, as the per-VM irqchip_mode can't be modified after vCPUs are created, i.e. if one vCPU has an in-kernel local APIC, then all vCPUs have an in-kernel local APIC.

Timeline

  1. ID reserved

    By Linux

  2. · 2 months later

    Published

  3. · 21 months later

    Record updated

Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.

Scores

CVSS scores of CVE-2025-21779, by who scored it
Scored byCVSSScoreVector
NVDNVD · Modified3.1Medium5.5CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
0.25% · top 83% of all CVEs (15 Nov 2026)
CISA SSVC
Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical impact: partial
Loading the EPSS history…

The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Medium 5.5.

Affected products

  • Linux · Linux

    • affected 214ff83d4473a7757fa18a64dc7efe3b0e158486 – < 61224533f2b61e252b03e214195d27d64b22989a
    • affected 214ff83d4473a7757fa18a64dc7efe3b0e158486 – < 45fa526b0f5a34492ed0536c3cdf88b78380e4de
    • affected 214ff83d4473a7757fa18a64dc7efe3b0e158486 – < 5393cf22312418262679eaadb130d608c75fe690
    • affected 214ff83d4473a7757fa18a64dc7efe3b0e158486 – < 874ff13c73c45ecb38cb82191e8c1d523f0dc81b
    • affected 214ff83d4473a7757fa18a64dc7efe3b0e158486 – < aca8be4403fb90db7adaf63830e27ebe787a76e8
    • affected 214ff83d4473a7757fa18a64dc7efe3b0e158486 – < ca29f58ca374c40a0e69c5306fc5c940a0069074
    • affected 214ff83d4473a7757fa18a64dc7efe3b0e158486 – < a8de7f100bb5989d9c3627d3a223ee1c863f3b69

  • Linux · Linux

    • affected 4.20
    • unaffected < 4.20
    • unaffected 5.10.236 – ≤ 5.10.*
    • unaffected 5.15.179 – ≤ 5.15.*
    • unaffected 6.1.129 – ≤ 6.1.*
    • unaffected 6.6.79 – ≤ 6.6.*
    • unaffected 6.12.16 – ≤ 6.12.*
    • unaffected 6.13.4 – ≤ 6.13.*
    • unaffected 6.14 – ≤ *

References

References10

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

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Record last updated .