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CVE-2025-40778Cache poisoning attacks with unsolicited RRs

Description

Under certain circumstances, BIND is too lenient when accepting records from answers, allowing an attacker to inject forged data into the cache. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.50, 9.18.0 through 9.18.39, 9.20.0 through 9.20.13, 9.21.0 through 9.21.12, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.50-S1, 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.39-S1, and 9.20.9-S1 through 9.20.13-S1.

Public exploit

An exploit or proof of concept is public: anyone can try it against an unpatched system. A reference of the record is tagged as an exploit. CISA's SSVC rates its exploitation: a proof of concept is public.

Show the exploits1

References tagged exploit1 reference

Timeline

  1. ID reserved

    By isc

  2. · 6 months later

    Published

  3. · 4 months later

    Record updated

Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.

Scores

CVSS scores of CVE-2025-40778, by who scored it
Scored byCVSSScoreVector
iscCNA (assigner)3.1High8.6CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
NVDNVD · Deferred3.1High8.6CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
0.77% · top 44% of all CVEs (15 Nov 2026)
CISA SSVC
Exploitation: poc · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: partial
Loading the EPSS history…

The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: High 8.6.

Affected products

  • ISC · BIND 9

    • affected 9.11.0 – ≤ 9.16.50
    • affected 9.18.0 – ≤ 9.18.39
    • affected 9.20.0 – ≤ 9.20.13
    • affected 9.21.0 – ≤ 9.21.12
    • affected 9.11.3-S1 – ≤ 9.16.50-S1
    • affected 9.18.11-S1 – ≤ 9.18.39-S1
    • affected 9.20.9-S1 – ≤ 9.20.13-S1

What to do

Solution: Upgrade to the patched release most closely related to your current version of BIND 9: 9.18.41, 9.20.15, 9.21.14, 9.18.41-S1, or 9.20.15-S1.

Workaround: No workarounds known.

Exploitation: We are not aware of any active exploits.

References

References3

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

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Record last updated .