CVE-2025-54881Mermaid improperly sanitizes of sequence diagram labels leading to XSS
- 5.3MediumCVSS base score
- 0.86%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 41% of all CVEs
- NoKnown exploitednot in CISA's KEV catalog
- YesPublic exploitsa reference or SSVC says so
Description
Mermaid is a JavaScript based diagramming and charting tool that uses Markdown-inspired text definitions and a renderer to create and modify complex diagrams. In the default configuration of mermaid 10.9.0-rc.1 to 11.9.0, user supplied input for sequence diagram labels is passed to innerHTML during calculation of element size, causing XSS.
Public exploit
An exploit or proof of concept is public: anyone can try it against an unpatched system. CISA's SSVC rates its exploitation: a proof of concept is public.
Timeline
ID reserved
By GitHub_M
- 19 days later
· 19 days later
Published
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub_MCNA (assigner) | 4.0 | Medium5.3 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N |
| NVDNVD · Deferred | 4.0 | Medium5.3 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 0.86% · top 41% of all CVEs (14 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: poc · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: partial
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Medium 5.3.
Affected products
- affected >= 10.9.0-rc.1, <= 11.9.0
Affected packages
From reviewed advisories of the GitHub Advisory Database.
- npmmermaidGHSA-7rqq-prvp-x9jh (opens in a new tab)
References
References3
- https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/security/advisories/GHSA-7rqq-prvp-x9jh (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRM
- https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/commit/5c69e5fdb004a6d0a2abe97e23d26e223a059832 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid/commit/685516a85ec1df64cefd4fd15f26533be87d458e (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISC
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2025-28574 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-7rqq-prvp-x9jh (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2025-54881)Record last updated .