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CVE-2025-5878ESAPI esapi-java-legacy SQL Injection Defense Encoder.encodeForSQL special element

Description

A vulnerability was found in ESAPI esapi-java-legacy and classified as problematic. This issue affects the interface Encoder.encodeForSQL of the SQL Injection Defense. An attack leads to an improper neutralization of special elements. The attack may be initiated remotely and an exploit has been disclosed to the public. The project was contacted early about this issue and handled it with an exceptional level of professionalism. Upgrading to version 2.7.0.0 is able to address this issue. Commit ID f75ac2c2647a81d2cfbdc9c899f8719c240ed512 is disabling the feature by default and any attempt to use it will trigger a warning. And commit ID e2322914304d9b1c52523ff24be495b7832f6a56 is updating the misleading Java class documentation to warn about the risks.

Public exploit

An exploit or proof of concept is public: anyone can try it against an unpatched system. CISA's SSVC rates its exploitation: a proof of concept is public.

Timeline

  1. ID reserved

    By VulDB

  2. · 21 days later

    Published

  3. · 4 months later

    Record updated

Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.

Scores

CVSS scores of CVE-2025-5878, by who scored it
Scored byCVSSScoreVector
VulDBCNA (assigner)4.0Medium6.9CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
VulDBCNA (assigner)3.1High7.3CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
VulDBCNA (assigner)3.0High7.3CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
VulDBCNA (assigner)2.0High7.5AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C
NVDNVD · Deferred4.0Medium5.5CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
0.49% · top 57% of all CVEs (15 Nov 2026)
CISA SSVC
Exploitation: poc · Automatable: no · Technical impact: partial
Loading the EPSS history…

The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Medium 6.9.

Affected products

  • ESAPI · esapi-java-legacy

    • affected 2.0-rc10
    • affected 2.0-rc11
    • affected 2.0.1
    • affected 2.0GA1
    • affected 2.1.0
    • affected 2.1.0.1
    • affected 2.2.0.0
    • affected 2.2.0.0-RC1
    • affected 2.2.0.0-RC2
    • affected 2.2.0.0-RC3
    • affected 2.2.1.0
    • affected 2.2.1.0-RC1
    • affected 2.2.1.1
    • affected 2.2.2.0
    • affected 2.2.3.0
    • affected 2.2.3.1
    • affected 2.3.0.0
    • affected 2.4.0.0
    • affected 2.5.0.0
    • affected 2.5.1.0
    • affected 2.5.2.0
    • affected 2.5.3.0
    • affected 2.5.3.1
    • affected 2.5.4.0
    • affected 2.5.5.0
    • affected 2.6.0.0
    • affected 2.6.1.0
    • affected 2.6.2.0
    • unaffected 2.7.0.0

References

References10

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

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Record last updated .