CVE-2025-71089
iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set
- Published
- Updated
- Reserved
- Assigned by
- Linux
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu: disable SVA when CONFIG_X86 is set Patch series "Fix stale IOTLB entries for kernel address space", v7. This proposes a fix for a security vulnerability related to IOMMU Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA). In an SVA context, an IOMMU can cache kernel page table entries. When a kernel page table page is freed and reallocated for another purpose, the IOMMU might still hold stale, incorrect entries. This can be exploited to cause a use-after-free or write-after-free condition, potentially leading to privilege escalation or data corruption. This solution introduces a deferred freeing mechanism for kernel page table pages, which provides a safe window to notify the IOMMU to invalidate its caches before the page is reused. This patch (of 8): In the IOMMU Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA) context, the IOMMU hardware shares and walks the CPU's page tables. The x86 architecture maps the kernel's virtual address space into the upper portion of every process's page table. Consequently, in an SVA context, the IOMMU hardware can walk and cache kernel page table entries. The Linux kernel currently lacks a notification mechanism for kernel page table changes, specifically when page table pages are freed and reused. The IOMMU driver is only notified of changes to user virtual address mappings. This can cause the IOMMU's internal caches to retain stale entries for kernel VA. Use-After-Free (UAF) and Write-After-Free (WAF) conditions arise when kernel page table pages are freed and later reallocated. The IOMMU could misinterpret the new data as valid page table entries. The IOMMU might then walk into attacker-controlled memory, leading to arbitrary physical memory DMA access or privilege escalation. This is also a Write-After-Free issue, as the IOMMU will potentially continue to write Accessed and Dirty bits to the freed memory while attempting to walk the stale page tables. Currently, SVA contexts are unprivileged and cannot access kernel mappings. However, the IOMMU will still walk kernel-only page tables all the way down to the leaf entries, where it realizes the mapping is for the kernel and errors out. This means the IOMMU still caches these intermediate page table entries, making the described vulnerability a real concern. Disable SVA on x86 architecture until the IOMMU can receive notification to flush the paging cache before freeing the CPU kernel page table pages.
Timeline
ID reserved
By Linux
Published
- 10 months later
· 10 months later
Record updated
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| LinuxCNA (assigner) | 3.1 | High7.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| NVDNVD · Modified | 3.1 | High7.8 | CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 0.16% · top 95% of all CVEs (9 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: High 7.8.
Weakness
Affected products
- affected 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 – < 845875f4c6788c88e2334fe5825934821decbdc8
- affected 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 – < b34289505180a83607fcfdce14b5a290d0528476
- affected 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 – < 7cad37e358970af1bb49030ff01f06a69fa7d985
- affected 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 – < 240cd7f2812cc25496b12063d11c823618f364e9
- affected 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 – < c2c3f1a3fd74ef16cf115f0c558616a13a8471b4
- affected 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 – < c341dee80b5df49a936182341b36395c831c2661
- affected 26b25a2b98e45aeb40eedcedc586ad5034cbd984 – < 72f98ef9a4be30d2a60136dd6faee376f780d06c
- affected 5.2
- unaffected < 5.2
- unaffected 5.10.273 – ≤ 5.10.*
- unaffected 5.15.200 – ≤ 5.15.*
- unaffected 6.1.163 – ≤ 6.1.*
- unaffected 6.6.120 – ≤ 6.6.*
- unaffected 6.12.64 – ≤ 6.12.*
- unaffected 6.18.4 – ≤ 6.18.*
- unaffected 6.19 – ≤ *
References (7)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/845875f4c6788c88e2334fe5825934821decbdc8 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b34289505180a83607fcfdce14b5a290d0528476 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7cad37e358970af1bb49030ff01f06a69fa7d985 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/240cd7f2812cc25496b12063d11c823618f364e9 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2c3f1a3fd74ef16cf115f0c558616a13a8471b4 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c341dee80b5df49a936182341b36395c831c2661 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72f98ef9a4be30d2a60136dd6faee376f780d06c (opens in a new tab)
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2026-2241 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisories (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2025-71089)Record last updated .