CVE-2025-9961Authenticated RCE by CWMP binary
- 8.6HighCVSS base score
- 11.5%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 3.9% of all CVEs
- NoKnown exploitednot in CISA's KEV catalog
- YesPublic exploitsa reference or SSVC says so
Description
An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500. The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack. This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.
Public exploit
An exploit or proof of concept is public: anyone can try it against an unpatched system. CISA's SSVC rates its exploitation: a proof of concept is public.
Timeline
ID reserved
By TPLink
- 3 days later
· 3 days later
Published
- 6 months later
· 6 months later
Record updated
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| TPLinkCNA (assigner) | 4.0 | High8.6 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N |
| NVDNVD · Deferred | 4.0 | High8.6 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 11.5% · top 3.9% of all CVEs (14 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: poc · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: High 8.6.
Affected products
TP-Link Systems Inc. · AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6
- affected < 1.2.1
TP-Link Systems Inc. · AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6
- affected < 1.3.11
References
References4
- https://blog.byteray.co.uk/zero-day-alert-automated-discovery-of-critical-cwmp-stack-overflow-in-tp-link-routers-0bc495a08679 (opens in a new tab)
- https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/4647/ (opens in a new tab)vendor-advisory
- https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax10/ (opens in a new tab)patch
- https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax1500/ (opens in a new tab)patch
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2025-27074 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisories (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2025-9961)Record last updated .