CVE-2026-0863Sandbox escape in n8n Python task runner allows for arbitrary code execution on the underlying host.
- 8.5HighCVSS base score
- 9.3%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 4.6% of all CVEs
- NoKnown exploitednot in CISA's KEV catalog
- YesPublic exploitsa reference or SSVC says so
Description
Using string formatting and exception handling, an attacker may bypass n8n's python-task-executor sandbox restrictions and run arbitrary unrestricted Python code in the underlying operating system. The vulnerability can be exploited via the Code block by an authenticated user with basic permissions and can lead to a full n8n instance takeover on instances operating under "Internal" execution mode. If the instance is operating under the "External" execution mode (ex. n8n's official Docker image) - arbitrary code execution occurs inside a Sidecar container and not the main node, which significantly reduces the vulnerability impact.
Public exploit
An exploit or proof of concept is public: anyone can try it against an unpatched system. A reference of the record is tagged as an exploit. CISA's SSVC rates its exploitation: a proof of concept is public.
Show the exploits1
References tagged exploit1 reference
Timeline
ID reserved
By JFROG
- 6 days later
· 6 days later
Published
- 5 days later
· 5 days later
Record updated
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| JFROGCNA (assigner) | 3.1 | High8.5 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| NVDNVD · Analyzed | 3.1 | Critical9.9 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 9.3% · top 4.6% of all CVEs (12 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: poc · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: High 8.5.
Affected products
n8n
- affected 2.4.0 – < 2.4.2
- affected < 1.123.14
- affected 2.0.0 – < 2.3.5
References
References3
- https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/n8n-python-runner-sandbox-escape-jfsa-2026-001651077/ (opens in a new tab)third-party-advisoryexploit
- https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/b73a4283cb14e0f27ce19692326f362c7bf3da02 (opens in a new tab)patch
- https://www.smartkeyss.com/post/cve-2026-0863-python-sandbox-escape-in-n8n-via-exception-formatting-and-implicit-code-execution (opens in a new tab)
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2026-3171 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisories (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2026-0863)Record last updated .