CVE-2026-28224Firebird Null Pointer Dereference via CryptCallback causes DOS
- 8.2HighCVSS base score
- 0.46%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 59% of all CVEs
- NoKnown exploitednot in CISA's KEV catalog
- YesPublic exploitsa reference or SSVC says so
Description
Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, when the server receives an op_crypt_key_callback packet without prior authentication, the port_server_crypt_callback handler is not initialized, resulting in a null pointer dereference and server crash. An unauthenticated attacker who knows only the server's IP and port can exploit this to crash the server. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.
Public exploit
An exploit or proof of concept is public: anyone can try it against an unpatched system. A reference of the record is tagged as an exploit. CISA's SSVC rates its exploitation: a proof of concept is public.
Show the exploits1
References tagged exploit1 reference
- https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-xrcw-wpjx-pr95 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRMexploit
Timeline
ID reserved
By GitHub_M
- 51 days later
· 51 days later
Published
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub_MCNA (assigner) | 3.1 | High8.2 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H |
| NVDNVD · Analyzed | 3.1 | High8.2 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 0.46% · top 59% of all CVEs (13 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: poc · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: partial
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: High 8.2.
Affected products
- affected >= 3.0.0, < 3.0.14
- affected >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.7
- affected >= 5.0.0, < 5.0.4
References
References4
- https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-xrcw-wpjx-pr95 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRMexploit
- https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISC
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2026-23468 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisories (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2026-28224)Record last updated .