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CVE-2026-45447Heap Use-After-Free in the PKCS7_verify() Function

Description

Issue summary: A specially crafted PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed message could trigger a use-after-free during PKCS#7 signature verification. Impact summary: A use-after-free may result in process crashes, heap corruption, or potentially remote code execution. When processing a PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed message, if the SignedData digestAlgorithms field is present as an empty ASN.1 SET, OpenSSL may incorrectly free a caller-owned BIO during PKCS7_verify(). A subsequent use of the BIO by the calling application results in a use-after-free condition. In the common case this occurs when the application later calls BIO_free() on the BIO originally passed to PKCS7_verify(). Depending on allocator behavior and application-specific BIO usage patterns, this may result in a crash or other memory corruption. In some application contexts this may potentially be exploitable for remote code execution. Applications that process PKCS#7 or S/MIME signed messages using OpenSSL PKCS#7 APIs may be affected. Applications using the CMS APIs for this processing are not affected. The FIPS modules in 4.0, 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, and 3.0 are not affected by this issue, as the affected code is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

Timeline

  1. ID reserved

    By openssl

  2. · 28 days later

    Published

  3. · 3 months later

    Record updated

Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.

Scores

CVSS scores of CVE-2026-45447, by who scored it
Scored byCVSSScoreVector
CISA-ADPADP (enrichment)3.1High8.8CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
redhat-SADPADP (enrichment)3.1High8.1CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVDNVD · Modified3.1High8.8CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
4.0% · top 9.3% of all CVEs (12 Nov 2026)
CISA SSVC
Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total
Loading the EPSS history…

The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: High 8.8.

Affected products

  • OpenSSL · OpenSSL

    • affected 4.0.0 – < 4.0.1
    • affected 3.6.0 – < 3.6.3
    • affected 3.5.0 – < 3.5.7
    • affected 3.4.0 – < 3.4.6
    • affected 3.0.0 – < 3.0.21
    • affected 1.1.1 – < 1.1.1zh
    • affected 1.0.2 – < 1.0.2zq

References

References28

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

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Record last updated .