CVE-2026-54593
Pterodactyl's improper JWT scoping allows subuser to upload files when not explicitly granted `file.create` permissions
- 8.1HighCVSS base score
- 0.68%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 47% of all CVEs
- NoKnown exploitednot in CISA's KEV catalog
- YesPublic exploitsa reference or SSVC says so
Description
Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2, the Wings /upload/file endpoint accepted any valid panel-signed JWT that contained server_uuid, user_uuid, and unique_id claims without checking the token's intended purpose; because the Panel issues JWTs carrying those same claims for lower-privilege operations such as WebSocket authentication and file-download links, an authenticated subuser could reuse one of those tokens (for example a WebSocket token obtained with only the websocket.connect permission) by replaying it against /upload/file to write arbitrary files to the same server, despite never being granted the file.create permission. This issue is fixed in Panel version 1.12.3 and Wings version 1.12.2.
Public exploit
An exploit or proof of concept is public: anyone can try it against an unpatched system. CISA's SSVC rates its exploitation: a proof of concept is public.
Timeline
ID reserved
By GitHub_M
- 43 days later
· 43 days later
Published
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
| Scored by | CVSS | Score | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub_MCNA (assigner) | 3.1 | High8.1 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H |
| NVDNVD · Deferred | 3.1 | High8.1 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H |
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 0.68% · top 47% of all CVEs (12 Nov 2026)
- CISA SSVC
- Exploitation: poc · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: High 8.1.
Affected products
- affected < 1.12.3
Affected packages
From reviewed advisories of the GitHub Advisory Database.
- Gogithub.com/pterodactyl/wingsGHSA-8r6w-3qq5-4p4r (opens in a new tab)
- Packagistpterodactyl/panelGHSA-8r6w-3qq5-4p4r (opens in a new tab)
References
References4
- https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/security/advisories/GHSA-8r6w-3qq5-4p4r (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_CONFIRM
- https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/pull/5636 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/pterodactyl/panel/commit/7ffcd636310bb72b54bac3280d2a15e727feded7 (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings/commit/d0ddc80844479302abdaf9654de3bacd511c0f5c (opens in a new tab)x_refsource_MISC
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2026-49880 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisory GHSA-8r6w-3qq5-4p4r (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2026-54593)Record last updated .