CVE-2026-98231xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush
- —Not scoredno CVSS score yet
- 0.21%Exploitation in 30 daysEPSS · top 89% of all CVEs
- NoKnown exploitednot in CISA's KEV catalog
- NonePublic exploitsnone known yet
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush The deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock before calling xfrm_dev_state_free() because the driver callback may sleep. The device GC list does not hold an xfrm_state reference, so the state GC worker can destroy the same state concurrently. The race can proceed as follows: CPU 0 CPU 1 find x on the device GC list drop xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock read x->xso.dev xfrm_state_gc_destroy(x) xfrm_dev_state_free(x) xfrm_state_free(x) continue xfrm_dev_state_free(x) Both paths can invoke the driver callback and drop the device reference. CPU 0 can also access the xfrm_state after CPU 1 has freed it. KASAN reported: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0 Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810bbaa960 by task poc/102 Call Trace: xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0 xfrm_dev_state_flush+0x353/0x400 xfrm_dev_event+0x26d/0x3a0 notifier_call_chain+0xc0/0x280 __dev_notify_flags+0x169/0x250 netif_change_flags+0xe7/0x160 dev_change_flags+0x96/0x220 devinet_ioctl+0x7f4/0x1880 Allocated by task 87: xfrm_state_alloc+0x1e/0x5c0 xfrm_add_sa+0xe7f/0x5820 xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x4f3/0x940 Freed by task 57: kmem_cache_free+0xcb/0x3d0 xfrm_state_gc_task+0x4a8/0x650 process_one_work+0x63a/0x1070 Serialize xfrm_state destruction against the deferred-device pass with a mutex. Keep xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock limited to list operations and retain the existing callback and device-reference release ordering.
Timeline
ID reserved
By Linux
- 11 days later
· 11 days later
Published
- 13 days later
· 13 days later
Record updated
Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.
Scores
No CVSS score yet: neither the CNA, CISA nor NVD has scored this CVE. NVD status: Received.
- EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
- 0.21% · top 89% of all CVEs (14 Nov 2026)
The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Not scored.
Affected products
- affected d5f53edd43daf3e6e1633a49c561387f8f99e13f – < 937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1
- affected 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 – < 39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201
- affected 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 – < 75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c
- affected 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 – < 84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6
- affected 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 – < 89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9
- affected 8ecee44464a4926c9bef989a1490b7394785f584
- affected 6.6.44 – < 6.6.158
- affected 6.10.3 – < 6.11
- affected 6.11
- unaffected < 6.11
- unaffected 6.6.158 – ≤ 6.6.*
- unaffected 6.12.112 – ≤ 6.12.*
- unaffected 6.18.54 – ≤ 6.18.*
- unaffected 7.2.8 – ≤ 7.2.*
- unaffected 7.3 – ≤ *
References
References5
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6 (opens in a new tab)
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9 (opens in a new tab)
Sources
The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.
- CVE.org record (opens in a new tab)
- CVE List JSON (GitHub) (opens in a new tab)
- NVD (opens in a new tab)
- FIRST EPSS (opens in a new tab)
- EUVD EUVD-2026-93159 (opens in a new tab)
- OSV.dev (opens in a new tab)
- GitHub Advisories (opens in a new tab)
- CIRCL Vulnerability-Lookup (opens in a new tab)
Badge for a README or a ticket
[](https://cveledger.app/cve/CVE-2026-98231)Record last updated .