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CVE-2026-98628bpf: Make post-verification instruction rewrites killable

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Make post-verification instruction rewrites killable After do_check() returns, the verifier runs several instruction rewrite passes. Some of them patch or remove one instruction at a time. Each operation moves the remaining instruction and auxiliary-data arrays and adjusts all branch offsets, making the overall work quadratic in the program length. A privileged loader can submit 131072 unconditional jumps by zero followed by a valid return. Verification finishes quickly, but bpf_opt_remove_nops() then spends a long time removing each jump separately. Since this post-verification work neither checks for signals nor reschedules, a pending SIGKILL cannot terminate the task until the rewrite finishes. Make bpf_patch_insn_data() and verifier_remove_insns() common cancellation and rescheduling points. These helpers run from BPF_PROG_LOAD process context, and bpf_patch_insn_data() can already sleep while reallocating auxiliary data. Report interrupted constant blinding as -EINTR and propagate it through both JIT paths, including kernels that permit interpreter fallback. Other blinding failures retain the existing fallback behavior. This does not reduce the quadratic cost of the rewrite passes, but it makes the work preemptible and allows a killed loader to be torn down promptly.

Timeline

  1. ID reserved

    By Linux

  2. · 23 days later

    Published

  3. · 1 day later

    Record updated

Changes after publication (a new score, a public exploit, EPSS crossing 1, 10 or 50 %, leaving KEV) are kept since November 2026; earlier ones are not known.

Scores

No CVSS score yet: neither the CNA, CISA nor NVD has scored this CVE. NVD status: Received.

EPSS (exploitation in 30 days)
0.19% · top 91% of all CVEs (13 Nov 2026)
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The list uses the assigner's score when there is one, then CISA's, then NVD's: Not scored.

Affected products

  • Linux · Linux

    • affected 52875a04f4b26e7ef30a288ea096f7cfec0e93cd – < 56dc616d7a1f7d134d3e101c455e62b0a24d0cfd
    • affected 52875a04f4b26e7ef30a288ea096f7cfec0e93cd – < 261b61d3735b042ae25634f795c4540be0fc140c

  • Linux · Linux

    • affected 5.1
    • unaffected < 5.1
    • unaffected 7.2.9 – ≤ 7.2.*
    • unaffected 7.3 – ≤ *

References

References2

Sources

The same CVE in the primary databases and aggregators, to check against.

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Record last updated .